The PROS and CONS ofImplantingInformation Chips in Humans Essay

The PROS and CONS ofImplantingInformation Chips in Humans - Essay Example Due to reason, several eras has come in healthcare practice to improve the medical record system of patients to the highest logical point. As the debate rages on how medical record system can be improved, scientists have been swift in incorporating technology into the whole system. With something that started with the need to switch from paper records of patients to computer database software in keeping records of patients, we today have proposals on implanting chips in people to keep their medical records. The device is known as the implantable medical ID. Stein (2004) explains that the device is â€Å"a microchip that can be implanted under the skin to give doctors instant access to a patient's records.† Already, the proposal to implement the implantable medical records has won government approval. For now, the best thing to do is to continue detain on the pros and cons of the device and technology to come to a logical conclusion on whether or not the system would be helpful in the discharge of medical duties. Pros Already, there are health gurus who have approved of the use of the implantable medical ID and have started using them already. ... Therefore if there is the need to switch hospital at any point in time or travel inter-state, the records of the user will be ready as and when they are needed. The second point has to do with the safety of the system. Clearly, papers get burn or soaked with water and computer software gets corrupted or crashed. Any of these situations temper with the safety of records. With the implantable medical ID however, the records remain intact as long as the patient is alive. Yet again, the implantable medical ID is very reliable in emergency situations. Indeed medical emergencies come unannounced and therefore make the need to going to get a person’s records in times of medical emergencies very difficult. With the implantable medical ID however, a patient does not have to worry about emergencies because the device caters for that. It is always available and reliable. These points are supported by Merrill (2009) who states that the implantable medical ID â€Å"was designed to provide his identification and immediate access to his medical history in the event of an emergency.† Cons The beautiful advantages discussed above notwithstanding, the implantable medical ID come with a number of cons or disadvantages. There are commentators who argue as to whether or not the implantation and its removal themselves do not pose health risks and threats. There are many critics who are of the view that even though it is easier implanting the chip, removing it can be very complicated. John Halamka, MD, CIO at Harvard Medical School and CareGroup in Massachusetts, for instance laments that â€Å"it’s easy to insert but challenging to remove. I have no plan to have mine removed† (Merrill, 2009). The second demerit has to do with the cost involved in

The plays Miss Julie Essay Example for Free

The plays Miss Julie Essay The plays Miss Julie, August Strindberg, 1888 and A Dolls House, Henrik Ibsen, 1879 are two plays with a variety of themes and different views of life. But both plays have women as their major characters: Julie and Nora Helmer. The role of women in both plays is shown to be different. In Miss Julie, Strindberg shows women as inferior in society, as he believed that they were a secondary form of humans. In A Dolls House, at first, we think that Nora is a typical innocent wife. This leads Ibsen to relate women seen by society, as wives, mothers, and working at home. Ibsen wants to reinforce the subordination of the role of women to show the need for changes. A comparative study will be made of the lives of these two women and the role they occupy in each play. Julie is the mistress of the house, with Jean, the valet and Kristin, the cook. All the events and problems happening in the play could be a result of certain circumstances: first, her feminist mothers primary instincts about men made her disgusted and horrified about them. The absence of her father leads to an incomplete rising of herself. She had just broken off her engagement and her ex-fianci had an influence on her depravation. Also, it was in Midsummer Eve, she was in her period; she loved dancing, and was influenced by the flowers. Julie starts as superior to Jean in terms of class, as she is from an aristocratic family and Jean is her fathers servant. She manipulates him in the start: Supposing I order you to Julie (pg 81), Ill obey Jean (pg 81). Miss Julie starts making advances to Jean, who becomes worried about her reputation, becomes wild calling him to dance, and he ends up conquering her sexually. Jean thought that having sex with her would probably help him to better his social status, but he discovers she is penniless and so desists. Jean at first was in love with Julie, idealizes her at the start but once he had had her, he starts to degrade Julie. Julie becomes a sick woman, suffering from hysteria and feminine masochism, Julie had the desire to fall and be dominated by a man. Now Julie was totally dependent upon Jean. Jean was superior to Julie in terms of morality as he was a man and she was a degenerate woman. Strindberg wants to show that Jeans power over Julie is not because of the fact that he is rising socially but only because he is a man. This shows how maleness is a sign of superior status. Julie suffers a severe depression and humiliation as the sexual affair with Jean pushed her to the edge. Julie degrades herself when taking the initiative and sleeping with Jean, places herself beneath his level, destroyed the image of the woman.

Interactive Video Delivery Services

Interactive Video Delivery Services Video-On-Demand Interactive Services Interactive video delivery services are a fundamental change in the TV interface  paradigm. They shift the delivery paradigm from carrying many simultaneous parallel  streams (channels) to one that carries concurrent accesses through separate channels into a  database. Traditionally, in a broadcast TV system, many stations broadcast their programs  simultaneously and the user selects a specific channel to view. As a result, a user is  restricted to a chronology of parallel and competing programming whereas, an interactive  system makes all programming available to its users without this restriction. There is no  temporal restriction. All programming becomes available any time to the user. Types of Interactive Services Based on the amount of interactivity allowed (adapted from [4]), interactive services can be classified into several categories. The user is a passive participant and has no control over the session in broadcast (No-VOD) services that are similar to broadcast TV. The user signs up and pays for specific programming, similar to existing CATV PPV services in pay-per-view (PPV) services. The users are grouped based on a threshold of interest in quasi video-on-demand (Q-VOD) services. By switching to a different group, users can perform rudimentary temporal control activities. The functions like forward and reverse are simulated by transitions in discrete time intervals (on the order of 5 minutes) in near video-on-demand (N-VOD) services. The multiple channels with the same programming skewed in time [5, 15] can provide this capability. The user has complete control over the session presentation in true video-on-demand (T-VOD) services. The user has full-function VCR (virtual VCR) capabilities including forward and reverse play, freeze, and random positioning. For T-VOD, only a single channel is necessary; multiple channels become redundant. Technological Inhibitors There are other inhibiting issues to the ubiquitous deployment of interactive multimedia applications than just technological issues. In the digital environment, information is readily copied, reproduced, and altered, jeopardizing the established markets of the information providers. To convince an information provider to accept an all-digital system, certain incentives like mechanisms like encryption to protect intellectual property rights – that will maintain their data and thus help them stay in business are needed. (The Internet does not copy data, people copy data.) System Components for Video-on-Demand 5A detailed analysis of these issues is beyond the scope of this paper. An interesting survey of the  intellectual property rights problem has been provided by Samuelson [14]. Hundreds (if not thousands) of users with different viewing preferences will access a VOD system simultaneously. The quality of each session must remain within specified bounds to achieve customer satisfaction. This ensures the quality of the system. We will survey the individual technologies in the context of an end-to-end architecture for a VOD system. A typical VOD scenario contains a local database and server connected to user homes  via a communications network. The user home consists of a network interface coupled to a  display [4]. The user interacts with the system via a mouse or a computer keyboard. Fig. 2 illustrates this architecture. user interface and display high-speed backbone local database local server home viewer network interface multimedia archive and distributor multimedia archive Figure 2: A Simple VOD Architecture Management of System Resources in VOD We identified some of the technical problems in designing a VOD system in the previous sections. A VOD system is required to support a large customer population and many movie titles. Most existing prototypes are constricted to laboratory or office environments and support at most a few hundred users and up to a hundred movies. Large scale commercial systems  should need to more closely match the per-user resource requirements and usage patterns to  achieve economic feasibility. In this section, we look over some of these problems and discuss  existing research in this area. Resource Reservation One of the fundamental problems in developing a VOD system is one of storage and network I/O  bandwidth management. The VOD system possesses a finite amount of resources measured in  terms of storage I/O and communication bandwidths. As various customers compete for the same  system resources, efficient schemes that ensure fairness of allocation have to be designed. The service provider wants to generate the maximum revenue from the offered services. A  balance between these two often opposing requirements is necessary to tap the potential  benefits of the system. The first step to solve this problem is the development of an  accurate system model. We use the model proposed in Fig 2 as the basis for the remainder  of this discussion. The end-to-end VOD system comprises of three basic components; the storage server,  the network, and the user interface. The metadata server provides an additional level of  complexity to the system model. The time dependency of continuous media requires the  VOD system to ensure that the data transmission mechanism can provide for strict deadlines.   If these deadlines are missed, it is possible for the quality of the session to degrade. To ensure customer satisfaction, resources should be reserved along the entire data path of a connection on a per-session basis. The complexity of the resource reservation mechanism depends on the  application under consideration. Interactive services need the resource reservation to be made per-session along the entire data path, including at the source. A crucial factor which is affecting resource reservation is Quality-of-Service (QOS). The common interpretation of QOS is from a network perspective rather than a user or customer perspective. A more suitable view makes use of the two perspectives and yields two QOS characterizations (we can call them delivery quality and system QOS). A present  challenge is to identify the mapping from delivery quality to system QOS for a range of  system design parameters (e.g., data compression and network switching modes). User Traffic Characterization Although customers access the VOD system randomly, having a priori knowledge about  user access patterns can lead to a more efficient design. The system can make use of this information to manage network and storage bandwidths. As an example, if the traffic characteristics indicate that a movie is popular at a particular site, the system can replicate the movie locally to increase availability. The access pattern of users to the system will not be uniform over a given  24 hour period. Typically, one would expect the load to be low to moderate during the  daytime and to increase gradually through the evening and decrease again during the night. A hypothetical graph characterizing the access to a VOD database for a 24 hour period  is shown in Fig. 4. The access to the database is high during the evening hours, peaks at  around 9:00 PM, and is low-to-moderate during the day. This access pattern can be used for  designing schemes for various considerations like resource management; to update popularity tables, redistribute data, and reconfigure the system during off-peak hours. 0 5 10 15 20 time-of-day database-load Figure 4: A Schematic Daily-Access Model for a VOD System Similar models can be implemented and maintained for different geographical regions, movie categories, and individual titles. Such models are able to accommodate the differences in programming choices (e.g., children’s movies are more popular during the early evening hours) of different user groups. However, the complexity of these models, and their tractability is still to be established. Load Balancing An issue related directly to resource reservation is load balancing. The load balancing of VOD can be viewed as a combination of two sub-problems (i) The movie-storage  allocation problem and (ii) the resource location and connection establishment mechanism. Even though these problems are solved more easily individually, they are not independent  with respect to performance. From the perspective of a generic interactive  system, solving these issues is an open problem; however, simplifications can yield tractable solutions. As an example, if one assumes that a VOD system supports only stored data; i.e., movies  have to be digitized and stored before they can become available online, then the data  characteristics of a movie are well known in advance (e.g., the system has a priori knowledge  about the average bandwidth, burst rates, burst durations, etc.). This knowledge once available, can be used to simplify the design process. Making use of the metadata mechanism as described in Section 3 simplifies the task of management by decoupling the storage problem from the location problem.

Milo and Otis Essay -- Animals Relationships Papers

"Milo and Otis" In her book, Dog Love, Marjorie Garber proposes the idea that fictional works that offer representations of canines are often used not to tell us about dogs, but to tell us about ourselves. â€Å"The Adventures of Milo and Otis,† directed and based on a story by Masanori Hata, stars a pug-nosed puppy that Garber would believe possesses many of the traits we deem ideal in humans, and also offers several moral truths and social maxims about human society. The ways in which we as humans represent our relationships with dogs are explored in Dog Love. Garber assumes on the role of a cultural critic through her book, commenting on the role and social value dog representations have in our society, as represented in various artifacts: novels, films, advertisements, etc. She believes that through dog stories we create the ideal human, assigning valued human characteristics to the canine protagonist. She states, â€Å"The dog becomes the repository of those model human properties that we have cynically ceased to find among humans† (Garber 15). In our society, we no longer turn to our fellow men and women for the embodiment of virtue; we instead look to â€Å"man’s best friend.† Canine tales are becoming an ever-more-popular medium for expression, says Garber: â€Å"Just as the pathos of human love and loss is most effectively retold, in modern stories, through the vehicle of the steadfastly loyal and loving dog, so the human hero has increasingly been displaced and replaced by the canine one† (44). The spotlight has been shifted from the larger-than-life human to the humble family pet and his canine brethren. Stories that feature a dog rather than a person are able to more convey a deeper sense of meaning, establishing their... ...establishing a â€Å"home† has essentially been transferred from the parent to the child, and the traditional home, and consequently family, has all but disappeared in our society. This shift undermines the roles of the parents, and forces the child to take on adult responsibilities at a premature age. We live in an on-the-go day and age where nothing seems to remain constant for any time at all, and with this lack of continuity we have lost a great deal of what was once an integral part of society. The thought of a child ascribing to a â€Å"home† devoid of anything infallible is not a pleasant one. If every parent would spare a moment in their busy, fast-paced lives to consider the impact of the dissolution of the traditional home upon our children, we might not need films such as â€Å"Milo and Otis† to instruct our children to dissociate home from the world around them.

American Music And Popular Culture

British American folk music tradition refers to the music origin is associated with the British and white Americans while the African American music refers to the music that originated with the black Americans. British American folk music was mostly about cases that needed to be pointed out and occupations respectively. Briton songs are about problems that needed to be pointed out for all to see and reason for the factual basis. American on the other sung about occupations and even criminals. African American music came in a wide variety.The histonces file show that the earliest folk songs originated with the blacks as they went about their work in the vast farms or related in their servant quarters. The African American folk music is so vast and varied that no single image is adequate to embrace it all. There is a picture of a slave at work in the field or steering about or even a rhythmic chanting of work songs which gives multi faced picture of different situations. Both cultures display use of daily happenings as the theme in their songs.In both cultures folk music was disseminated through word of mouth as there were no recorders then. The composer sang it out as a way of teaching the others and it would spread on to the others through hearing. This affected the music in there with closing memory and change in geography. The music and words were altered to fit the singers. There is no original tone of the folk song and most came in different tunes. In both societies the tone depended on who was singing the song. However the British American society acquired print earlier than the African American.In fact so intertwined for centimes is the printed and the over traditions that the notion of a ‘pole’ and tradition is a disputed issue in this society. Many of their folk songs are known to have in and out of print according to the history of these songs. It is evident that many of British American folk songs even though different in reception to geo graphical distribution multiple versions have been discovered to strikingly similar in details. However the African American societies print arrived after the civil war.The aftermath of this was brought whites from the north, many of then abolitionists, into direct contact with the black people for the first time. Even before the wars ended, events such as the formation of the black regiments fighting for the unions cause and the famous’ part of loyal experiment’ which teachers and missionaries were recruited from the north – began acquitting northern with the songs of the slaves. The first print accounts of the African American songs appeared in the periodicals of these northern shortly thereafter, the first spiritual appeared in a street music form.African American development of their folk songs was highly assisted by the early discoveries of the British American. African American folk song music was mostly affected by the music from the African continent. Th is is so because the black people were brought to this continent from Africa in more or less continuous wares of forced migration over a period of about two hundred years. However owing to the small ratio of blacks to whites. Africans was highly suppresses and only survived in certain forms especially customary celebration on specific occasions. British American had pure lands origin without borrowing else where.British American music was done solely with the intent of enhancing the understanding of the principle involved, without giving a touch of the culture involved. Singing style was an integral part of the British American folk song. The tone quality and inflections of the voice, the way a singer earned the rhythm and pitch were subtly varied. These were all parts of the song. On the other hand the African American folk ,music not only did the tone matter but also the kinetic rhythm which enclosed the people to dance which the British American society regarded as the ceseivious immoral and pagan.They dance in very organized ways and never danced to fiddles tone. Musical instruments: The arrangement of the words found in the British American folk music known as ‘play –party carries songs shows an association with dancing for over a long time. There is a considerable overlapping between the vocal and instrumental traditions in this type of a song. It may be treated as a song with instruments compliments or a dance tone to which verses of the song are simply sung intermittently.African American tradition folk music portrays a picture of the slaves rare moments of play – the slave’s quarters ringing with sound of singing and dancing to the compliment of home made fiddles and banjos, and of clapping and stamping. Music accompaniment was pleasant in these two societies in traditional folk music from the beginning. Percussion instruments were the most commonly used musical instrument during those periods and it played a role in enhanci ng a rhythm to the song. In African American music drum sticks or hitters have become one of the moist important instruments that are being used in the music.The drum sticks are not used in the British American music. The types of equipment they use differ greatly. The African American music has the same percussions as the Indian American music both which are similar as compared to the British American. The words and music. The words and music used in both cases differ greatly and they intend to show the origin of each community. The British American words and the African American words differ in the importance to the music. The African American music at times acts as chats while the British American words at times have conations which have a meaning.Generally the British American culture music use octave scale while the African American do not use. They consider tone values such as doh, re, mi, fa so, la ti doh which are musical tones and they show the highness or lowness of the mu sic. The African American music does not keep these standards. In his work Bierhorst argues that the African America music like the Indian music is the like the music of the birds which does not have fixed tones that can be played by the piano. They are like syllable of ordinary speech. The melodies used in the songs range from tones to tones Types of songs.A bailed was used to refer to the folksongs and thus the bailed came in different categories: Cries calls and hollers. It was a kind of musical expression among black’s people that was regarded as primitive and evocative. Those cries and calls of the field, the levees the track were highly individualized expressions for communication for revealing loneliness. For giving vent to feelings or simply expressing the feel of ones existence. Ironically the urban counterparts used these cries to advertise goods and services. These kinds of folk songs were never associated with the British American society.Folk blues: Similar to th e cries cells and hollers the blue were used as intense personal expressions by the African American people. Folk blue underwent an evolution after the emancipation which brought a great change and there was the confrontation most with an entirely new set of social and economic problems that came with freedom including the need for money. The blues were used to express depression and other difficulties they faced. The spiritual: The term spiritual was derived from shortening of the New Testament phrase â€Å"spiritual songs†.It was found in both societies and it associated with Christianity which the whites converted the black immigrant into. Lyrical songs: Songs that were primarily not narratives but once with an easy flow of words found in the way British American folk music. Play party songs/ fiddle songs: These are songs that became widely used as a form of organized dancing called the play party songs. They had their origin from their prohibition in some traditions again st dancing as such but especially with the use of the fiddle considered a sinful instrument of the devil.These songs were mostly found in the British American traditional society. In a nutshell British-America is a type of music categorized in secular type of music and which talks about so many things or issues in the society like male to female relationships, education, sex and even cultures. British-America music originated from the western countries. As it has always been said what is a vice may or not be in a society, culture, tribe or even individuals may be a virtue to others. The African-American side mostly has not recognized it as presentable.This has then created both a global culture to and it and it has been used to strengthen specific local identities to a larger extent especially in Africa. African-American has also created a global culture of dressing especially in Africa. A good example is the Rastafarian music lovers associated with Africa. This people have one same culture that is universal for instance they have a common hair style of dreadlocks and four common colors which are red, green, yellow and black. They also believe in jagging or drooping trousers.Local dressing identifies African-American music hence are seen to have been tampered with language identities. REFERENCES Bierhorst, J. (1979); A Cry from the Earth. New York: Four Winds Press. Bookbinder, D (1979), What Folk Music is All About. New York: Julian Messner, Bruno N. (1992); Excursions in World Music. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Bruno, N. (1973); Folk and Traditional Music of the Western Continents. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall. Sandberg, Larry and Weissman, Dick,(1976); The Folk Music Source Book. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

AOI health care Essays

AOI health care Essays AOI health care Paper AOI health care Paper Aiming to lead Oregon to prosperity, this non-profit association is the biggest and most prominent in the state. It helps its members by offering money-saving benefits and discounts in their businesses. By doing so, their quality of life may be uplifted with the help of the association’s five trained professional lobbyists (Associated Oregon Industries, 2009). As such, the Associated Oregon Industries puts its members at the top of the priorities list. It intends to address significant business concerns such as fiscal policies by promoting a sustainable economy, expanding the private sector and creating jobs. Since its employees have an essential part in the association, AOI wants health care services to be easily accessible to them by assisting them in obtaining and paying for such. So far, AOI sounds like your typical company. But upon learning about a strict program it enforces, I realized that it is anything but. Formerly known as the Workdrugfree Oregon Program of Oregon Nurses Foundation, the Oregon Employer Drug Free Initiative is a program of the AOI aspiring to create a drug free workplace for its employees at a statewide extent. It was adopted in July 2008 (the change in name to OEDI was in January 2009) and remains the only initiative of its kind in the state. AOI has identified the many benefits of creating a drug-free workplace. Thus, the association wants its employees to be aware of these benefits as well by promoting these, creating and implementing policies that work towards such an environment and assisting the employees in following them (â€Å"What is OEDI? † 2009). The OEDI first came to the attention of many during a Leadership Summit in January 2006, where it was integrated into the Oregon Business Plan. It was established in response to a survey showing that 7% of Oregon employers were concerned about substance abuse. However, only 12% had policies against this in place. Though it is true that to employ a drug-free policy may be costly, to be without one proves to be costlier and not to mention more time-consuming. There is an increased likelihood of having on-the-job injuries and more absenteeism. There may be a lower sense of confidence for employees leading to a likewise lowering of productivity. Since applicants will know that the company does not have a drug-free policy for employees, more drug users will apply for the company, rather than in others with such policies that will not accept them. From the same survey used awhile ago, it was found that 77 percent of illegal drug users and 80 percent of heavy alcohol users are employed. More importantly, 20 percent of applicants fail pre-employment drug tests, reaching even 60 to 80 percent for smaller employers. These statistics undoubtedly present large costs for companies with anti-drug abuse policies in terms of the decreased scope of people they can employ (Wheeler, 2007). However, quoting from what Sid Smith, President of Forest Grove Lumber Co. , McMinnville, said â€Å"If you dont have a sufficient deterrent, drug users will own your company. Our drug-free policy enhanced our workplace productivity, which made a positive impact on our year-end profitability. † (â€Å"Success Stories,† 2007) The said costs seem worth it as AOI was able to create a safer environment for its workers, helping them have a better working experience. The association was able to earn the high regard of the community, and this positive reputation in turn allows the association to get a hold of higher quality applicants. Employees are more confident, increasing productivity and customer satisfaction as well. Finally, economically speaking, costs for health care are lowered together with rates of turnover and absenteeism. OEDI will take on certain procedures to ensure the aforementioned benefits. Educational campaigns to fight against substance abuse will be done in order to mobilize participating identities. Oregon’s workforce will be made free from drug abuse. The program also aims to tap legislators’ awareness about the effects of substance abuse on the safety and efficiency of a working environment, and to promote and prepare students about these. Moreover, these educational campaigns will train supervisors to detect and manage substance abuse in the workplace. Gjesvold (2007) recognizes the pressure on managers and supervisor’s shoulders when it comes to managing their employees who have been found out to be abusers, and as in OEDI, he suggests four steps to be taken in doing so. The first step is observation. According to Phoenix House (2008), these signs include prolonged or unexplained absences, increased accidents on and off the job. Abusers also seem to have a disregard for personal hygiene and an overreaction to criticism, even if the criticism is only imagined. Work patterns are inconsistent leading to lower productivity and efficiency. Physical signs such as bloodshot eyes, persistent cough, dilated pupils, slurred speech or unsteady walk may also be observed. Cocaine abusers can be hyperactive, paranoid, delusional and extremely moody. Next is preparation, which includes anticipating possible reactions of the employee, preparing for resistance or maybe even discussing the issue with a fellow supervisor. Third is perhaps the most crucial part, action, which involves the consultation of the employee and expressing of concerns from both sides and the possible consequences if nothing is done. Finally comes follow-through, where improvements are taken note of or consequences are given when there are no improvements. I personally believe that these policies being implemented by AOI are ones that should be emulated by other companies that seek to give their workers better working experience and that aim for better productivity. As said in an article by Wheeler (2007), We need to keep in mind that this is not just a business issue; it is a community issue. Drug and alcohol abuse in the workplace impacts our local economy, the ability of our businesses to get and keep good employees, the quality of service we receive and the cost of services we purchase. If we all support the concept of a drug-free workplace and support the businesses who implement drug-free workplace policies, we will all benefit from the outcome. BIBLIOGRAPHY Associated Oregon Industries. 2009. About us. Retrieved May 30, 2009 from aoi. org/organization/index. cfm. Gjesvold, J. 2007. Disruptive Behavior: Tough Challenge for Employers. Albany Area Chamber Network, 39 (2). 4. Phoenix House. 2008. Basic facts: Drugs, alcohol the workplace. Retrieved May 30, 2009 from phoenixhouse. org/National/DrugFacts/drugfacts_workplace. html. Success Stories. 2007. Retrieved May 30, 2009 from oregonemployerdrugfree. org/success. html. What is OEDI. 2009. Oregon Employer Drug-free Initiative eNewsletter. Retrieved May 30, 2009 from visitbaker. com/OEDI. pdf. Wheeler, C. 2007. Working Drug-free. Yamhill Valley Viewpoints in News Register . Retrieved May 30, 2009 from oregonemployerdrugfree. org/pdfs/opEdCeliaWheeler31007. pdf.

Viet Minh Definition

Viet Minh Definition The Viet Minh was a Communist guerrilla force founded in 1941 to fight against the joint Japanese and Vichy French occupation of Vietnam during World War II. Its full name was Viá »â€¡t Nam à Ã¡ »â„¢c Lá º ­p à Ã¡ »â€œng Minh Há »â„¢i, which literally translates as the League for Viet Nams Independence. Who Were the Viet Minh? The Viet Minh was an effective opposition to Japans rule in Vietnam, although they were never able to dislodge the Japanese. As a result, the Viet Minh received aid and support from a variety of other powers, including the Soviet Union, Nationalist China (the KMT), and the United States. When Japan surrendered at the end of the war in 1945, Viet Minh leader Ho Chi Minh declared Vietnams independence. Unfortunately for the Viet Minh, however, the Nationalist Chinese actually accepted Japans surrender in northern Vietnam, while the British took the surrender in southern Vietnam. The Vietnamese themselves did not control any of their own territories. When the newly-free French demanded that its allies in China and the U.K. hand back control of French Indochina, they agreed to do so. Anti-Colonial War As a result, the Viet Minh had to launch another anti-colonial war, this time against France, the traditional imperial power in Indochina. Between 1946 and 1954, the Viet Minh used guerrilla tactics to wear down French troops in Vietnam. Finally, in May of 1954, the Viet Minh scored a decisive victory at Dien Bien Phu, and France agreed to withdraw from the region. Viet Minh Leader Ho Chi Minh Ho Chi Minh, the Viet Minh leader, was very popular and would have become the president of all of Vietnam in free and fair elections. However, in negotiations at the Geneva Conference in the summer of 1954, the Americans and other powers decided that Vietnam should be temporarily divided between north and south; the Viet Minh leader would be empowered only in the north. As an organization, the Viet Minh were beset by internal purges, plummeting popularity due to a coercive land reform program, and a lack of organization. As the 1950s progressed, the Viet Minh party disintegrated. When the next war against the Americans, variously called the Vietnam War, the American War, or the Second Indochina War, broke out into open fighting in 1960, a new guerrilla force from southern Vietnam dominated the Communist coalition. This time, it would be the National Liberation Front, nicknamed the Viet Cong or Vietnamese Commies by anti-communist Vietnamese in the south. Pronunciation: vee-yet meehn Also Known As: Viet-Nam Doc-Lap Dong-Minh Alternate Spellings: Vietminh Examples After the Viet Minh expelled the French from Vietnam, many officers at all levels in the organization turned against one another, sparking purges that greatly weakened the party at a crucial time.

Legalization of Marijuana Research Paper Example

Legalization of Marijuana Research Paper Example Legalization of Marijuana Paper Legalization of Marijuana Paper Without his supervision and constant help, this dissertation would not have been possible. Special felicitations to our families, please do accept our cordial thanks for giving your warm encouragement, thoughtful guidance and supporting opinions which really helped us a lot. Last and above all, we praise God, for providing us the opportunity and granting us the capability to proceed successfully for this research paper. List of Tables I. Introduction 1. 1 Background of the study 1. 2 Statement of the problem 1. 3 Significance of the study 1. 4 Scope and Delimitation of the study II. Theoretical and Conceptual Framework 2. 1 Review of related literature 2. 2 Review of related studies 2. 3 Conceptual framework 2. 4 Hypothesis 2. 5 Definition of terms II. Methodology 3. 1 Locale of the Study 3. 2 Sample size 3. 3 Data gathering tools 3. 4 Data gathering procedure IV. Presentation and Analysis of Data V. Conclusion IV- Results and Analysis This chapter will discuss about the results of the data gathering. In the first part of the survey, the respondents are asked about their demographic profile such as name, year and section. For the second part, the respondents here asked in their opinions if marijuana should be legal for medical use, if marijuana should be legalized for recreational use, if the respondents believe that war on drugs has been successful and if the respondents think that government efforts against marijuana should be increased. Lastly, for the third part, they would place marijuana in terms of its negative health effects on the human. Data Collection The people that have done the sunken were the some of the 3rd year students of Infant Jesus Interiors Center. The section involves Ill-Faraday and III- Diaphanous with a total of 22 respondents and 29 respondents each especially having a total population of 51 students as overall respondents. Data Analysis CLCconcede 0area and Section Table 1 . Survey questions and respondents answer. Questions Yes No 37 14 2. 36 3. Should marijuana be legal for medical use? Should marijuana be legalized for recreational use? 15 Do you believe that war on drugs has been successful? 10 41 4. DO you think that government efforts against marijuana should be increased? 21 30 Figure 1 . Percentage of the survey questions about marijuana. Majority of the respondents (15 votes, 29%) places marijuana in less than that f a sugar while the least place the respondents (9 votes, 1 would place marijuana is greater than that of alcohol as shown in Figure 2. Figure 2. Percentage of where would the respondents would place their marijuana. List of Figures Figure 1. 1 : Marijuana Leaves Marijuana Cigarette Figure 1. 2 Figure 1. 3 : Intake of Marijuana Experimental use Of Marijuana ABSTRACT Figure 1. 4 : Marijuana use and interpersonal violence are major public health problems. The present review examines the available empirical and theoretical literature on the relationship between marijuana and violence, including past heretical models, the link between marijuana use and interpersonal violence (including intimate partner violence), and the relationship between marijuana withdrawal and violence. While results from laboratory-based studies are inconclusive, results of cross-sectional and longitudinal research provide support for an association be;en marijuana use/withdrawal and various types of violence. Given the lack of empirical support for existing models, a new biophysically model of the marijuana-violence relationship is proposed. Examining methods to test this model and application of current endings to treatment are discussed. This paper will discuss the ethical issues and propose the righteousness of legalizing marijuana on the federal level, as a controlled substance, while taking two stances: (1 ) the benefits of legalizing marijuana far outweigh its risks, and (2) their inconsistencies in current legal policies governing marijuana in relation to more dangerous drugs, such as alcohol. I. INTRODUCTION What are the prevailing issues for and against legalization of marijuana? Just because something is illegal does not mean it is bad; likewise, if something is legal doesnt mean it is not bad. Unlike law which relies on oratory skills to defend an already-defined legal position ethics tries to esoterically determine what is right and wrong regardless of any law that may, or may not, already exist relating to the issue at hand. This paper will propose the righteousness of legalizing marijuana on the federal level as a controlled substance, while taking two Stances: (1) its benefits far outweigh associated risks, and (2) there are Inconsistencies in current legal policies with marijuana in relation to illegal drugs that are more dangerous as well as those that are legal, accepted, and readily available to he public. Specifically, this paper will compare marijuanas benefits and risks against those of the most common legal recreational drug currently in use today, alcohol. This paper will avoid discussing legalization of medical marijuana, as 12 states already allow its use for medicinal purposes, and there are currently over 2000 legitimate marijuana dispensaries across the nation. However, possession and use of marijuana are still illegal under federal law; and federal law trumps state laws every time. Due to the popularity and ongoing widespread, and historical use of marijuana, a new look should be given to its lace in society as a legal recreational drug alongside, or even replacing alcohol and tobacco. In order to fully appreciate marijuanas place in human society, one must first comprehend its prevalence as a medicinal and recreational drug. Marijuana was cultivated as far back as 5000 years ago. In ancient Chinese and Vivid cultures, it treated a wide range of ailments, including malaria and rheumatism (Silver, Ransom, Tillie, 2010). Pre-1 In addition to its recreational properties, hemp a by-product of the marijuana plant was a major cash crop used for clothing, fabric, and medicine. Both George Washington and Thomas Jefferson grew it, and drafts of the Declaration of Independence were written on hemp paper. Hemp production was mandatory and ordered grown for the United Kingdom (Silver et al. , 2010). With the rise of the 1840-1860 literary movement in France, marijuana gained in popularity as an intoxicant of the intellectual classes, due to claims of it stimulating ones imagination and creativity. In the United States, medical interest in marijuana use was evidenced in 1 860 by the convening of the Committee on Cannabis Indict of the Ohio State Medical Society, which ported on its therapeutic applications Schistose of, n. D. ). The Enslaving Years In 1 930, Harry Enslaving headed up the newly-formed Federal Bureau of Narcotics and crusaded to outlaw marijuana. Congress passed the Marijuana Tax Act in July 1937 in response to pressure by Enslaving, who feared the use and spread of marijuana specifically by Mexicans (Musts, 1972). Enslaving enlisted the media and movie industries to further stigmatize marijuana. In 1938, the exploitation film Reefer Madness linked the use of marijuana by high school children to hit-and-run accidents, manslaughter, suicide, rape, and descent into madness (Reefer Madness, 2010). Engineers efforts to stigmatize marijuana were so successful that by the 1 asss, public fear of marijuana linked its use to government overthrow as well as to communism, Americas most-feared enemy of the time (Silver et al. , 2010). The New War on Drugs In 1 961 , the Single Convention Narcotic Treaty made production and supply of narcotic drugs an international crime. Nevertheless, marijuana regained its popularity and spawned the hippy subculture of the late sasss, who viewed marijuana as symbolizing Americas freedoms. Furthermore, the Vietnam War introduced marijuana to those who otherwise would not have used it our soldiers in Vietnam (Silver et al. , 2010). In 1 971 , President Richard Nixon declared war on drugs, calling it public enemy number one. He created the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEAD) and took a hard-line stance against drugs (Silver et al. , 2010). A decade later, President Ronald Reggaes administration continued the war on drugs when First Lady Nancy Reagan launched her Just Say No campaign (Silver et al. , 2010). This famous catch phrase soon became a mantra recited by elementary school children throughout the United States. President Bill Clinton vowed to keep up the fight against drugs, but was not as systematic as Reagan or Nixon. Consequently, the Mexican drug cartels became stronger during the Clinton years (Silver et al. , 2010). September 11, 2001 marked a new era in the fight against marijuana. The United States tightened its border policies upon President George Bushs declaration of war on terror. This effectively stifled importation of marijuana from Mexico. Consequently, the Mexican drug cartels turned to growing marijuana within United States borders rather than smuggling it across (Silver 1. Statement of the Problem This research paper seeks to determine the advantages of having marijuana here in the Philippines. Marijuana is the most common illicit drug used in the United States. After a period of decline in the last decade, its use has been increasing among young people since 2007, corresponding to a diminishing perception of the drugs risks that may be associated with increased public debate over the drugs legal status. Although the federal government considers marijuana a Schedule I substance (having no medicinal uses and high risk for abuse), two states have legalized marijuana for adult recreational SE, and 21 states have passed laws allowing its use as a treatment for certain medical conditions. However, in the Philippines, as the law stands today, marijuana is illegal. It is a dangerous drug and the selling/use of marijuana is a criminal offense. Soon it would be completely legal to use marijuana in the Philippines. That is, if Congress passes a proposed bill and President Benign Aquinas sign it into the law. On the matter of the possible legalization of marijuana, the researcher seeks to establish the answers to the following questions: 1 . What is the essence Of legalizing marijuana in the Philippines? . What are the benefits and risks associated with marijuana? 3. What are the effects of marijuana to an individual? 4. What are the prevailing issues for and against legalization of marijuana? 1. Significance of the Study Marijuana came into play with the scarcity of alcohol in the olden days. The use of the drug rose from there, and became a large problem in the Unites States. The united States is one of those countries that can immensely benefit from the legalization of Marijuana use. In the States, Marijuana is the most widely used controlled substance, and since the drug is used so often, why tot brew large amounts of money. Selling the drug and at the same time raising the economy of the county would be the perfect plan for the States to get out of the debt that surrounds them. The dealer of the drug would be closely monitored and would have a mandatory license; the government checking the crops for harmful fertilizers, that could make the customer seriously ill. Legalization of the drug would allow crime to be affected in a positive way. Illegal drug crimes consume police officers time, instead of dealing with larger, more serious problems that affect the county. A marijuana smoker is arrested every 45 seconds in Canada and the United States combined. Many Of these offenders receive small fines, and rarely get time in jail, due to the depleted amount of jail cells throughout the country. Legalizing marijuana would allow jail cells for criminals who have created actual crimes, and save money that is spent in prosecuting to inform the drug users about how to smoke responsibly. Illegal drug dealers would be out of business and drug smuggling would be reduced to an all time low. Many people think only crazy pitheads smoke marijuana, but they are wrong. Last year, about 10 million people smoked marijuana on a regular basis, even though many were true citizens who followed the laws. If the government were to regulate marijuana, they would easily be able to monitor the purchase and sale of the product; reducing drug abuse in the country and making smokers feel safe to smoke. One of the largest factors in legalizing the drug is that marijuana eases pain caused by AIDS, cancer and helps to cure glaucomas. Information from the National Cancer Institute, says that marijuana is good in blocking against nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite with chemotherapy patients. Marijuana can also ease muscle strain associated with multiple sclerosis. If marijuana is the only drug that effectively camouflages pain, there is no other choice but to legalize and use the drug. No person should have a say in this matter unless they have experienced the pain and suffering that the patients with cancer and AIDS have encountered due to their illness. Many people have a stereotypical image of marijuana being a bad, dirty drug, that will make you see delusional, but that is merely what children are told in health class to stay away from drugs, and that is what revolves around adults as well. Over 2000 people die yearly from the toxic effects of Aspirin, which is quite legal, and yet not a single being has died from the effects of marijuana and the substance has been banned. Legalizing marijuana would make a country cleaner, control pain, and smoking would be safer and in government restriction. Legalizing marijuana, is taking one step into making this world a better place to live, in the twentieth century. 1. Scope and Delimitation of the Study II. THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 2. 1 Review of Related Literature Marijuana is formed from the dried leaves and flowering tops of the Indian MME plant Cannabis sati. Popularly known as grass, pot, reefer, and Mary Jane, marijuana is smoked or chewed for its intoxicating effect, and it has also been used as a sedative and analgesic. Hashish is formed from the resin of the flowering tops of the same plant, and it is five to eight times more potent than marijuana when smoked. The flowering tops of the Cannabis plant secrete a sticky resin that contains the active ingredient of marijuana, known as delta-9-dehydrogenations (TECH). The plant has both male and female forms, and the sticky flowers of the female plant are the most potent.

Case study effective leaders Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Effective leaders - Case Study Example Often, the variation is attributed to the leadership as well as the type of people these two types of leaders govern. Extraverted leadership often involves commanding the center of attention by not only being outgoing and assertive, but also bold, talkative as well as dominant. Introverted leadership, on the other hand, involves listening to other people’s opinion before making any decision in an organization. In relation to this, the paper expounds on extraverts are not the best bosses. In relation to this description, it is apparent that pairing extraverted leaders with employees who speak out often result in a conflict. On the other hand, it is evidenced that paring introverted leaders with employees who speak out result to high productivity. In regard to this claim, one can affirm that introverted managers have the potential of maximizing the productivity of proactive employees. In other words, extraverted managers can only work best with passive employees. Unfortunately, passive behaviors are not important in a dynamic as well as uncertain economy (Analyzing Effective Leaders, 2010). Extraverted leaders are the main contributors of low innovativeness and activeness of employees. Such leaders often feel threatened by the activeness of employees; they fear employee proactivity. In tandem with this claim, it is evident that pairing of such leaders with proactive employees hampers with the success of an organization. In most occasions, proactive employees lose the morale of working hard when responded to in a less receptive way by an extraverted leader. Additionally, the poor relationship between extraverted leader and employees make employees mean in that they avoid sharing ideas that could enhance creativity and innovation. Personality conflicts in most organizations are also as a result of the practice of extraverted leadership. These conflicts frequently result to a power struggle within organization

Ethics In The Society In The Brothers Keeper Film Movie Review

Ethics In The Society In The Brothers Keeper Film - Movie Review Example From what we can see it is very unethical for one to kill anyone for any reason other than self-defense or other reasons that are lawful. However, we find that even when the suspect confesses to his crime, people still think that he is not capable of committing such a crime. They even rise together to defend him. For the brothers, they found it merciful to have one of the brother’s death to relieve him of his ailment and other pain. It is very acceptable to show mercy to those in need. However, it is good to be very watchful so as not to go beyond what is morally accepted.  (Weiss, Jeffrey, and Craig Weiss 1998)  However, now that the community can come together to aid one of their own, it is a very positive thing, and other community should do the same if one of them is somewhere very sensitive. The unity of a community shows strength and love (Weiss, Jeffrey, and Craig Weiss 1998).  The film shows the difference between two groups of people; the one group is made up of people from the larger city while the other group is made up of people from rural areas. We find that the movie reveals two contradicting views about the Ward brothers. Some hold that the brothers are simple country folk and, on the other hand, the press have stereotypes for the two brothers as people who are not educated. The film has managed in a very successful way displayed how unity can help bring down a monstrous problem despite the level of literacy.  (Weiss, Jeffrey, and Craig Weiss 1998)

Article Women in PR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Article Women in PR - Essay Example Jennifer was able to achieve this by sending 10% of the dividends of the labels to the Medicins Sans Frontieres which is a charity meant for the health care globally. In addition to that, a large share of the clothing is retrieved from the artisans that are employed by an Italian non-profit cooperative organization named Cooperativa Rinascere which offers employment and support to the women in the local community. In this way, Jennifer is not only able to contribute to the society through charity but is also able to help raise the rate of employment by retrieving the services from women from the local communities. This is essentially a mutually beneficial relationship between the fashion label and the society. I particularly picked this article because this was brief but precise. The information contained in this article is important in that it not only lends a firm understanding of public relations but also it embarks on the huge tendency of women to do public relations in all

Garbology in Marketing Strategies Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Garbology in Marketing Strategies - Term Paper Example Neuromarketing refers to the application of technology to determine the consumer’s brain activity so as to assist in developing products and communications (Zurawicki 211). The technique is founded on the idea that consumer purchasing behavior is formed in split seconds. The technique also holds that buying decisions are made within the brain’s subconscious and emotional part. The technique is also based on the premise that that by being able to clearly understand what consumers like, do not like, or fear as shown by the reactions of the brain to brand stimuli, marketers can be able to brand their products and communicate with them in a manner that best meets the market needs, by influencing consumers to buy the products. All these fundamentals are based on neuromarketing is based on neuroscience, which involves the study of how the brain enables human to think, perceive, and feel emotions, make decisions and communicate (Guardian News and Media Limited Par. 3). The tec hniques applied are based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), psychophysics, electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) as noted by Moore and Pareek (195). Neuromarketing research is said to have triggered significant amount of interest among many marketers and companies. Proponents of the technology argue that it could be the next big thing in the marketplace (Guardian News and Media Limited par 6). In this regard, they argue that by using science to locate the ‘buy buttons’ of consumers, it would be easy for marketers to open the black box of the consumer’s mind. Research reveals that neuromarketing is good for application in different areas especially in predicting behaviors, understanding the ads that the majority of consumers can easily remember. It can also be applied in choosing the media formats that can easily be understood by consumers. Other areas of application according to Moore and Pareek are in understanding why most consumers differ from what they inform the focus group (196).

Ballon photograph Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ballon photograph - Essay Example The best aspect related with Edward’s photographs is that emphasis is on the elements which he is trying to show or exhibit through the lens of the camera. The dominance is generally laid in the fact that the outline within such balloons is made very prominent and this is one of the reasons why focal point and proportions are marked so very distinctively. When the angles are ascertained, the scales are seen to be very proper and there is not any perspective which has not been touched upon in entirety. This is such an important aspect which is represented through the works of Edward Honsford as rhythm is a very essential part of the photographs that he has captured till now. Since he plans quite a lot during shoots, the success factor is made possible through the very same regimes. Thus Edward’s photographs have followed nearly all the principles of art which remain significant within his final outputs. Works Cited Author Unknown, 2010. Edward Horsford Creates Amazing Bu rsting Balloons Photographs (Interview and Tutorial). Found Online at: http://www.diyphotography.net/edward-horsford-creates-amazing-bursting-balloons-photographs-interview-and-tutorial

Gender and Ethnicity in Relation to Childhood Inequality Essay

Gender and Ethnicity in Relation to Childhood Inequality - Essay Example According to the report findings individuals are socialized by the society to both behave carryout duties and responsibilities and live like either males or females. This segregation based on gender however causes massive cases of unequal treatment among males and females. This discrimination is because of the roles that the society has specifically constructed for either gender. These equalities are experiences in a variety of aspects within life. These include massive income disparities among workers, preference of males for positions of leadership, and employing only females’ job descriptions. As the research stresses young children based on their sex, begin to be cultured by the society to conform to what the social order considers to be the roles, responsibilities and duties set aside for members of either gender. This socialization of the children results in numerous inequalities. In most societies the male gender is considered to be more superior and important that the female. Based on this children begin to face constant unequal treatment from very early in life. In certain societies around the world, unequal treatment of children has been quite rampant. This is because of the how the society views members of either gender. The society from time immemorial has often considered the girl child to be of lesser value than their male counterparts. Most of the societies around the world would prefer the male child.

Garbology in Marketing Strategies Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Garbology in Marketing Strategies - Term Paper Example Neuromarketing refers to the application of technology to determine the consumer’s brain activity so as to assist in developing products and communications (Zurawicki 211). The technique is founded on the idea that consumer purchasing behavior is formed in split seconds. The technique also holds that buying decisions are made within the brain’s subconscious and emotional part. The technique is also based on the premise that that by being able to clearly understand what consumers like, do not like, or fear as shown by the reactions of the brain to brand stimuli, marketers can be able to brand their products and communicate with them in a manner that best meets the market needs, by influencing consumers to buy the products. All these fundamentals are based on neuromarketing is based on neuroscience, which involves the study of how the brain enables human to think, perceive, and feel emotions, make decisions and communicate (Guardian News and Media Limited Par. 3). The tec hniques applied are based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), psychophysics, electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) as noted by Moore and Pareek (195). Neuromarketing research is said to have triggered significant amount of interest among many marketers and companies. Proponents of the technology argue that it could be the next big thing in the marketplace (Guardian News and Media Limited par 6). In this regard, they argue that by using science to locate the ‘buy buttons’ of consumers, it would be easy for marketers to open the black box of the consumer’s mind. Research reveals that neuromarketing is good for application in different areas especially in predicting behaviors, understanding the ads that the majority of consumers can easily remember. It can also be applied in choosing the media formats that can easily be understood by consumers. Other areas of application according to Moore and Pareek are in understanding why most consumers differ from what they inform the focus group (196).

Gender and Ethnicity in Relation to Childhood Inequality Essay

Gender and Ethnicity in Relation to Childhood Inequality - Essay Example According to the report findings individuals are socialized by the society to both behave carryout duties and responsibilities and live like either males or females. This segregation based on gender however causes massive cases of unequal treatment among males and females. This discrimination is because of the roles that the society has specifically constructed for either gender. These equalities are experiences in a variety of aspects within life. These include massive income disparities among workers, preference of males for positions of leadership, and employing only females’ job descriptions. As the research stresses young children based on their sex, begin to be cultured by the society to conform to what the social order considers to be the roles, responsibilities and duties set aside for members of either gender. This socialization of the children results in numerous inequalities. In most societies the male gender is considered to be more superior and important that the female. Based on this children begin to face constant unequal treatment from very early in life. In certain societies around the world, unequal treatment of children has been quite rampant. This is because of the how the society views members of either gender. The society from time immemorial has often considered the girl child to be of lesser value than their male counterparts. Most of the societies around the world would prefer the male child.

The conditions of the factories Essay Example for Free

The conditions of the factories Essay I am writing to you in concern of the conditions of the factories. I have interviewed a male and female worker and an Orphanage Director. An Owner And an overseer have also been spoken to about they way things are being run in the mill factory. Its been long enough and the factories need to be changed now. The working hours are extremely long and the workers hardly get any sleep. I am surprised that none of the factory owners have changed this because it is in their interest why they should be changed. If the workers have less hours working and more hours for sleep, rest and eating, the workers will perform better and the factory will produce a lot more products. From my sources I have found out that all the workers get up and work at three am and end at nine to ten pm. Thats over eighteen hours a day. Whats worse is they only get five hours of sleep. If you reduced the working hours and added more time for sleeping, the tasks would be completed with more speed. The wages for the workers are unreasonably low. From what I have heard the adults are given fifteen pence a week, and children earn five a week. This needs to be changed quickly so that the children can feed themselves and the rest of their family if they need to. The workers also need enough money to buy new clothes and a bit extra for there own choice. The children get paid in tokens to spend in the factory shop. This is a good thing to have so the children dont spend the wages on other things then the essential food and water. But the children need to have money in cash so they can buy clothes and other things they may need to keep healthy. At the moment the children are cheap labour for the factory. I have noticed when I have visited some of the factories that there are some very young people working there. I have heard from some workers that there children as young as four years old working there. The overseer said there was only allowed to be over thirteens working. But thats not true. The owner of the Orphanage who is selling the children to the factory also claims she is only selling over thirteens. Thats not correct either. Whats disturbing is that the Orphanage Director spends an alarming amount of her profit on alcohol. I recommend that children should have to be 14 or over to work in the factories all over England. The employees need a nutritional and healthy diet to stay alive. But the foods the factories are serving in the extremely short lunch breaks seem to be very unhealthy. This has to be altered in order for the workers ability to be improved. The workers need to be able to use the lavatory when they need to. A young employee I interviewed said that the factory is hot, damp and it smells atrocious. It smells bad because the owner does not let the workers use the toilet often. Another worker told me that there were people watching so they did not fall asleep or he would strike them with his belt. The child workers have to crawl under the machines and fix them because they are smaller than the adults who work there. One child told me that they dont switch off the machines when the children crawl under and that they have no guards protecting them. That is outrageous. If the factory doesnt want to keep buying more employees they wont want to kill there workers buy not adding a simple guard. Another factory inspector told me what he saw was happening to a young girl, She was caught up by her apron, which wrapped around the shaft. She was whirled round and repeatedly forced between the shaft and the carding engine. (Her right leg was found some distance away). There are some good things about the factories like children given tokens to spend on nothing but food and some factory owners and industrialists subsidize housing and some even help financially with schooling. The factories need to be changed in some very simple ways which will help by aiding the performance of a worker like less labour hours and more lunch and sleeping hours and food needs to become more healthy with nutritional ingredients. The factories at the moment have terribly bad working conditions with no fresh air witch can easily be ventilated with out ruining the cotton. There are many ways in which we can help the factories become a healthier and a more enjoyable place to work. I very much hope that you will help to improve these factories from this letter I have wrote you will change the bad things happening.

Collectivist and Individualist Cultures

Collectivist and Individualist Cultures Emphasize family and work group goals.Cultures are typically divided into two categories: collectivist and individualist. Individualist cultures, such as those of the United States and Western Europe, emphasize personal achievement at the expense of group goals, resulting in a strong sense of competition. Collectivist cultures, such as those of China, Korea, and Japan, emphasize family and work group goals. The Geert Hofstede analysis for China is similar to that of Hong Kong where Long-term Orientation is the highest-ranking factor. However, the Chinese rank lower than any other Asian country in the Individualism factor. This can be attributed primarily to the Communist rule and its emphasis on a collectivist culture. Geert Hofstede analysis for China has Long-term Orientation (LTO) the highest-ranking factor (118), which is true for all Asian cultures. This Dimension indicates a societys time perspective and an attitude of persevering; that is, overcoming obstacles with time, if not with will and strength. (see Asian countries graph below). The Chinese rank lower than any other Asian country in the Individualism (IDV) ranking, at 20 compared to an average of 24. This may be attributed, in part, to the high level of emphasis on a Collectivist society by the Communist rule, as compared to one of Individualism. The low Individualism ranking is manifest in a close and committed member group, be that a family, extended family, or extended relationships. Loyalty in a collectivist culture is paramount. The society fosters strong relationships where everyone takes responsibility for fellow members of their group. Canada has a population just less than 30 million people in a country twice the area of the United States. The heritage of Canada was French and English; however, significant immigration from Asia and Europes non-French and English countries has broadened Canadas cultural richness. This cultural diversity is considered a national asset, and the Constitution Act prohibits discrimination against individual citizens on the basis of race, color, religion, or sex. The great majority of Canadians are Christian. Although the predominant language in Canada is English, there are at least three varieties of French that are recognized: Quebecois in Quebec, Franco-Manitoban throughout Manitoba and particularly in the St. Boniface area of Winnipeg, and Acadian. The Italian language is a strong third due to a great influx of Italian immigrants following WW.II. Canadas three major cities are distinctively, even fiercely different from one another even though each is a commercially thriving metropolitan center. Montreal, established in the 17th century and the largest French city outside France, has a strong influence of French architecture and culture. It is a financial and manufacturing center and seaport, with the majority of Canadas European exports and imports coming through its harbor. Toronto, another major financial and commercial center, is filled with office towers not historic buildings. It has a great number of people living in and around the central business district. The downtown district does not close up when people leave work. Vancouver, nestled at the base of the Coast Mountains, is the financial, commercial, agricultural, and industrial center for western Canada. Its harbor and mountains make it one of Canadas most picturesque. Consequently, West Vancouver is the most densely populated urban area and has the highest income per person of any municipality. Geert Hofstede Analysis Canada The majority of Canadians, as well as citizens of other English speaking countries, (see Great Britain, Australia, New Zealand, and the United States) have individualism ranked highest. Success is measure by personal achievement. Canadians tend to be self-confident and open to discussions on general topics; however, they hold their personal privacy off limits to all but the closest friends. It should be noted there is tension between the French province of Quebec and other Canadian provinces. Citizens of Quebec tend to be more private and reserved. Ethnocentrism is high throughout Canada, but particularly in Quebec. Canada has Individualism (IDV) as the highest ranking (80) Hofstede Dimension, and is indicative of a society with a more individualistic attitude and relatively loose bonds with others. The populace is more self-reliant and looks out for themselves and their close family members. Privacy is considered the cultural norm and attempts at personal ingratiating may meet with rebuff. The majority of Canadians, as well as citizens of other English speaking countries, (see United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, and the United States) have Individualism as their highest ranking Dimension. Among high IDV countries, success is measured by personal achievement. Canadians tend to be self-confident and open to discussions on general topics; however, they hold their personal privacy off limits to all but the closest friends . Canadians lowest ranking Dimension is Long Term Orientation at 23, compared to the average of 45 among the 23 countries surveyed for which scores have been calculated. This low LTO ranking is indicative of societies belief in meeting its obligations and tends to reflect an appreciation for cultural traditions. Canadas Power Distance (PDI) is relatively low, with an index of 39, compared to a world average of 55. This is indicative of a greater equality between societal levels, including government, organizations, and even within families. This orientation reinforces a cooperative interaction across power levels and creates a more stable cultural environment. It should be noted there is tension between the French province of Quebec and other Canadian provinces. Citizens of Quebec tend to be more private and reserved. Ethnocentrism is high throughout Canada, but particularly in Quebec. This may be in part due to the difference in religious background of the French population, predominately Catholic, and the English population, predominantly Christian. The predominant religions in Canada are Catholic 42% and Christian 40%, but the population is somewhat segregated, with a high percentage of French Catholics in Quebec. Note that the predominant religion in France is Catholic (83%) and in the United Kingdom is Christian (70%).

Motives for Female Adolescents Participation in Physical Activity Essa

It has been demonstrated that there is a strong correlation between age and physical activity. The amount of physical activity declines significantly as age increases. This correlation has been found to be true regardless of gender. However, research has shown that the participation in regular physical activity declines more in females than males (Butt Joanne, Robert Weinberg, Jeff Breckon & Randal Claytor, 2011). Studies have been conducted to investigate explanations for the decline in participation in physical activity. Exploring the motives and goals for participation gave a better understanding for the decrease in physical activity. Reasons for participation in physical activity among female adolescents were both intrinsic and extrinsic. Goals and motives for physical activity in the two contexts resonate with concepts and ideas of the Self-Determination Theory (O'Dougherty Maureen, Kurzer Mindy & Schmitz Kathryn, 2010). The Self-Determination Theory possesses the idea that participation in physical activity comes from both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation is described as motivation associated with enjoyment to the activity whereas extrinsic motivation is externally imposed (O'Dougherty Maureen, Kurzer Mindy & Schmitz Kathryn, 2010). The continuum of self-regulation is central to this theory. Proposed by this theory is the idea a person’s level or intensity of self-regulation varies on a continuum. These variations have important implications for the individual’s physical and mental well being (Puente Rogelio & Anshel Mark, 2009). The four types of regulation are expressed in the Self-Determination Theory. The four types of regulation are external, introjected, identification, and integrated. Exter... ...ary, (2010). Coping with â€Å"bad body image days†: Strategies from first-year young adult college women. Body Image, 8(4), 335-342. Jankauskiene Rasa. , & Kardelis Kestutis, (2005). Body image and weight reduction attempts among adolescent girls involved in physical activity. Medicina (Kaunas), 41(9), 796-801. O'Dougherty Maureen. , Kurzer Mindy, S., & Schmitz Kathryn, H. (2010). Shifting motivations: Young women’s reflections on physical activity over time and across contexts. Health Educ Behaviors, 37(4), 1-19. Puente Rogelio. , & Anshel Mark, H. (2009). Exercisers’ perceptions of their fitness instructor. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 51, 38-45. Sanda Solfrid, B., & Borgen Jorunn, (2011). Symptoms of eating disorders, drive for muscularity and physical activity among norwegian adolescents. European Eating Disorder Review, doi: 10.1002/erv.1156

The Celtic Appreciation of Nature Essay -- essays research papers

The Celtic Appreciation of Nature In doing this assignment, I was looking forward to becoming more appreciative of nature, and all that it has to offer us, wanting a better understanding of it all. It seems that we take all of the beauty of our earth for granted, we are spoiled and it shows. In completing this practicum, I hoped to return to a state of mind where everything I see has beauty in it, like a baby seeing things for the first time, when everything is so fascinating, that touching it in complete awe is all I want to do. The Celtic appreciation of nature is what influenced the path I took with this day of reflection. The way they loved it as though it was their child, the way they respected it as though it was their mother, and even the way they feared it, as if it was their school principle (for lack of a better term). They held Mother Earth’s gifts in such high regard, and that is what, to me, is so wonderful about them. Throughout the day I told myself repetitively that, â€Å"The world was not created for us, but us for her.† I felt that personifying earth was more appropriate, considering it’s so alive with so many things that are, and possibly will forever be, unfathomable to us. This was my Lorica, I also wrote a poem that is at the end that meant a lot to me and reflects the way I felt while the sun was descending.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I referred a lot to the Thomas Berry video, recognizing the fact that his feelings are another inspiration for this day. He too, feels that we are way to ungrateful of our natural surroundings, and that we should alter our ways to preserve what is left. I also used an internet article by Carl McColman titled, â€Å"Celtic Spirituality: an Interfaith Approach – What is Celtic Spirituality?† he also describes the Celtic Faith as being: â€Å"†¦earthy, natural, of the soil, of the clay. This is true whether your particular flavor of Celtic wisdom is Pagan, Christian, New Age, or some hybrid thereof. Celtic spirituality is the spirituality of land, sea, and sky; of the rocks and the trees and the animals; of holy wells and standing stones and windswept tors. The earth is our mother; we must take care of her . . . this is not only a native American sentiment, it is a truly Celtic sentiment as well.† (www.druid.org) I felt this was a wonderful statement, because it was what I was thinking the majority of the time ... ...beautiful.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  But through all this wonderful mental â€Å"working out,† I had one fear, the fear that sticks with me no matter where I go, the fear of failure. Whenever that thought crept into my mind, my body became so paralyzed with fear that I would get this immense sensation of being hot. I could feel my face turn a bright shade of crimson, and my eyes welled up with tears to the point that one time all I could do was break down.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I have to admit; coming into this assignment I was very apprehensive. It seemed really â€Å"out there† and a big waste of my time to sit alone for 5 hours straight. Even in the beginning, while I was there I was wary of it all. I almost had to laugh at myself at some points. But as my day carried on, I learned, felt, and absorbed so much, that now I feel ashamed for ever doubting it. And now I have this grasp of nature and spirituality as one common ground that I thought I would never have. I take the time to stop and think about if what I have been taught, or everything I believed to be true ever was. I question things instead of just accepting them. I go beyond the surface of everything in life now.

How Media Influences Antisocial Behavior Essay

In this new generation research Indicates that many young people today spend a lot of time In front of the TV or on computer games and thus leading to the Implication that media Influences antl-soclal behaviour. Psychologists have researched Into explanations on media’s influence on antisocial behaviour, one of these explanations being the social learning theory (SLT). This advocates that we model our behaviour on behaviour that we observe; whether it’s antisocial or pro-social behaviour. Children can be expected to imitate behaviour illustrated through the media that is successful in gaining the model’s objectives. Further supporting this explanation, evidence from ‘natural experiments’ are used as authentication to the link that media Influences not lust antisocial behaviour but violent behaviour as well. One Psychologist, Phillips (1983) reinforced this theory by analysing crime statistics for the 10-day period following the publication of heavyweight boxing contests shown throughout the nation. The research exhibited a significant rise in the number of murders during that said period, thus highlighting how media influences antisocial behaviour. Through further interpretation on the social learning theory this explanation could e questioned, Despite all the psychologists experiments on the theory there Is no real evidence to support it. For instance, in 1993 two boys murdered James Bulger and were said to be inspired by the video ‘Child’s Play, however later it was conducted by Cumberbatch (2001) that no known link was ever found. It should also be taken into consideration that if two young influential boys were able to play such a violent and Impressionable game what type of parental figures they had on a dally basis and attachments they had with their primary care giver. It can be advocated hat the children had other outside affects that caused they to commit such a crime and that media was not the only reason and thus concluding that the media isn’t the only cause for antisocial behaviour. Furthermore, another explanation for media’s influence of antisocial behaviour is Justification. This vindication implies that violent behaviours may provide a Justification for a child’s own violent behaviour, or perhaps even go as far as providing moral guidelines regarding what Is acceptable and unacceptable. It Is suggested that children who act more aggressively watch violent elevision programmes In order to relieve their guilt and Justify their own aggression and thus advocating that the media allows them to channel that emotions and making their actions acceptable in their own mind. On further evaluation it should be prominent that programmes have mixed prc-social and antisocial messages. For example, the 198ffs television series ‘The A Team’ portrayed the typical heroic figures as behaving violently and so signifying that the negative effects of such programmes support the concept of Justification as Illustrated by Liss and Reinhardt (1979). Concluding that the use of aggression by pro-social characters provides an impression of moral justiflcation to their antisocial and violent behaviour, with which children already identify. Moreover, an alternative insinuation of explaining media’s influence on antisocial behaviour is Cognitive Priming. This refers to the activation of already existing aggressive thoughts and feelings. It highlights why children observe one variety of aggression on television and commit another type of aggression after. imprinting the shown behaviour and recall the memories in a later stimulation in the resent. The magnitude of cognitive priming was established by Josephson (1987). The psychologist looked into this by using hockey players as participants who were deliberately frustrated and then shown a violent or non-violent film where an actor held a walkie-talkie. This resulted in throughout the hockey game the player who had seen the violent clip behaved more aggressive in comparison to those whom where shown the non-violent clip. Josephson advocated that the walkie-talkie held by the referee acted as a trigger for aggression within the hockey player. And so through his it is demonstrated how media can influence behaviours by acting as a catalyst to existing aggressive thoughts. Additionally, another explanation for media’s influence on antisocial behaviour is desensitation. This contention underlines that under normal conditions, anxiety about violence inhibits its use. It suggested how media violence may stimulate aggressive behaviour by desensitising children to the effects of violence. This therefore results in the child being more accepting for aggressive and antisocial behaviours. However this is contradicted by Comberbatch (2001) who rgues that people might get ‘used’ to screen violence but that this does not necessarily mean a person will also get accustomed to violent or antisocial behaviours in their everyday life in the real world. It is claimed that screen violence is more likely to make children frightened’ then frightening thus contradicting the indication that the media desensitises the public to violent and antisocial behaviour. Overall, these explanations conduct valid explanations into how media influences antisocial behaviour. We are able to determine that media does in fact affect the way in which a person behaviour but to what extent is questionable.

Once Upon a Time

In the poem â€Å"Once Upon a Time,† by Gabriel Okara, the persona is reflecting on the behavioral patterns of people in the present and the past hence using ‘once upon a time’ as the first line suggesting this was a long time ago. He then begins to compare the differences between how he acted as a child and how much that has changed now that he is an adult and a father . This poem is about a man growing up and losing the innocence he once had as a child.While in the poem â€Å"Forgive my Guilt,† by Robert Coffin, the persona committed an awful thing. As a boy he loved to shoot birds but it came to pass that one day he started to realize that the things he had done were â€Å"sins† line 1 captures this â€Å"not always sure what things called sins maybe†. In the poem he starts to recall the moment in which he killed the two birds the poet uses the imagery in line 4 and line 8 to capture this 4â€Å"I lay in the frost flowers with a gun† , â€Å"8my gun went off they ran with broken wings†.The persona in â€Å"once upon a time,† feels as if he has adapted all too well to the hypocrisy of the world using lines 20-24 â€Å"I have learned to wear many faces like dresses- home face, office face, street face, host face, cocktail face, with all their conforming smiles like a fixed portrait smile†, he uses the word conforming suggesting this is a permanent feature for example the face of a politicians wife, the persona has mastered the art of being a hypocrite.The persona desperately wants to change, he expresses his desires in lines 34-36 says â€Å"I want to be what I used to be when I was like you, I want to unlearn all these muting things†, this suggests that he wants to be like who he was when he was a child, before he was brought in to learning the muting like things of the world, he wants to go back to being hospitable, genuine, true, sincere etc.While the boy in the poem â€Å"Forgive m y Guilt,† is eager to kill without knowing the consequences, now a man he is haunted by his past actions no matter how he tries to get over his sins even as an adult he cannot. This is seen in lines 17-19 â€Å"the cries went out one day, but I still hear them all over, the sounds of sorrow in war or peace I ever have heard, time cannot drown them†. The deaths made him feel sorry, sad and pity during the beginning, when they died he knew he cost them everything and felt guilty.The author expresses it again in lines 23-24, â€Å"I have hoped for years all that is world, airy, and beautiful will forgive my guilt. † In the poem â€Å"Once Upon a Time† and â€Å"Forgive My Guilt,† several literary devices can be found such as similes and puns. One example of a simile in the poem â€Å"Once Upon a Time,† can be found in line 23-24 â€Å"with all their conforming smiles like a fixed portrait smile. These lines were used by the poet to express the general image that was shown throughout the persona’s adult life . The word conforming is derived from the word ‘conform,’ which means to comply with rules, standards or laws or   behave according to socially acceptable conventions or standards: â€Å"the pressure to conform†. The persona was pushed to conform to the ways of the world â€Å"the muting things. † It wasn’t socially acceptable to show your true feelings, it was normal for him to behave hypocritically.The line also says, â€Å"like fixed portrait smiles,† this tells us that no matter where the persona went he had that portrait like smile, it was a permanent feature that came with him. This line is very effective it emphasizes how people behaved. In the poem â€Å"Forgive My Guilt† a pun was identified in line 21 where it says â€Å"two airy things forever denied the air† this line has two significant meanings: one , that the birds were denied the air becaus e they were unable to fly and two, they are no longer going to be able to breathe (they are dead).These lines are very effective. The poet gives to us, the reader, an evoking mental image of what the persona denied the two birds. In both poems there is a sense of guilt, in â€Å"Forgive My Guilt† there was the guilt of the past and in the poem â€Å"Once Upon a Time† there was the guilt of the present. The poems reflect childhood experiences and how it affected the present state of each persona.

Journal on Aviation Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Journal on Aviation Education - Essay Example This analysis can take various forms including a variety of models for performance analysis. In this chapter, the "a-ha moment" is associated with the concept of modeling the process of problem solving. It's intuitive that problem solving requires extensive analysis, but the concept of using a "comprehensive" as well as a "situation specific" methodology in unison to arrive at both a high level and an operational approach to critical issues, really makes sense (Rothwell & Kazanas, 1998). The point that seemed most unclear is the process of finding the association of data point metrics required for a valid performance matrix designed. This model for comprehensive problem-solving was exemplified by the Gilbert Performance Matrix, but it was difficult to understand exactly how to associate the data points. In Chapter 5 the concept of assessing relative characteristics of targeted learners is the main topic of discussion. This exercise includes great attention to the detail of describing learner characteristics; identifying those characteristics specifically; developing learner profiles; evaluating and describing cognitive assessment; then judging learner assessment. The "a-ha moment" was based on the specifics of what kind of learner characteristics should be assessed. ... The entire range of learner characteristics provides for a sense of uncertainty in approach, so a template of learner related characteristics worthy of consideration and useful to the design process and in focusing the efforts in the instructional design. Muddiest Point The concept that made the least sense is the theory of "cognitivism" in the instructional design process. The idea that learners develop their own strategies for learning is perhaps misleading, since all learning is based on factors associated with one's own environment and percepts developed from the influence of others (Kemp, 1985). Developing Performance Measurements In this chapter, the development of measurement criteria is suggested as quickly as learning objectives has been established. Measurements are defined as a means to track performance relative to objectives, and as such are a critical component in understanding if the learning process is working as anticipated or needs to be adjusted. A-Ha Moment The breakdown of the value and purpose of performance measurements is the "a-ha" moment in this chapter. It's intuitive that there is an impact, but the correlation to purpose was somewhat unclear. Based on the Table 9.1, the value and influence of each component in the process becomes apparent. For example, the breakdown of each fundamental element assists with the understanding of the ingredients required for success (e.g.: influence of participant reaction; participant learning; on-the-job performance change; and organizational impact). Muddiest Point The process in deciding "how" to measure performance is still confusing. The reason for decisions associated with the selection of a data collection method seems arbitrary, since all the elements described could apply to

Acquisition strategies in the plastic pipes industry - the case of Dissertation

Acquisition strategies in the plastic pipes industry - the case of Wavin Group - Dissertation Example One of the most important challenges for modern organizations has been the identification of the strategies that can help towards the stabilization of the organizational performance – either in the short or the long firm. Acquisitions have been proved an effective strategic tool for the support of a firm’s position in its market. However, the success of acquisitions is not always guaranteed; there is always the risk of failures especially if the relevant plans are not well designed or in case they are not effectively executed. For this reason, it would be wise for strategic managers to use acquisitions along with other strategic options in order to secure the stabilization (at a first level) and the growth of a particular organization. An indicative example of such methodology is the strategic framework used by AXA (Consultancy Firm) when handling the re-structuring of PWPipe – a leading firm in the plastic pipes industry of USA; in the case of PWPipe the consult ants of AXA decided to implement primarily a series of strategies for supporting the firm’s existing operations – this was mainly achieved through the update of the firm’s IT systems; at the next level, acquisitions were used in order to stabilize the firm’s growth (AMX International, 2011). The proposed study focuses on the use of acquisitions as strategic option by firms in the plastic pipes industry; reference is particularly made to Wavin Group, a key player in the global plastic pipes industry.... h firm, aiming to increase its influence within the global market (Builders Merchant Journal, 2007, Wavin Labko, 2008); in 2010, the expansion of the firm was continued through the acquisition of the Swedish firm KWH Pipe (European Plastic News, 2010). It is made clear that acquisitions has been extensively used by Wavin Group in order to improve its position in the global market; in accordance with ‘Michael Del Pero - vice president in FocalPoint Partners LLC - a lot of plastics M&A announcements were expected in the second half of 2010 because of the tax changes in USA’ (Esposito, 2010). However, in the case of Wavin, the tax rules cannot be considered as the only criterion for choosing acquisitions as a key strategic option – taking into consideration the firm’s relevant activities in the last decade, as explained above. In any case, the plastic pipes industry is a prominent market sector; in fact, in accordance with a relevant report, the specific indus try is expected ‘to advance at the fastest pace up to 2014’ (Bombourg, 2010). The identification of the potentials of acquisitions to support the further growth of the particular industry would be particularly important indicating the potential value of the specific strategic option for firms operating in other industries – which face severe pressures due to the expansion of the globalization and the recession. C. Literature Review The use of acquisitions as a strategy for achieving a continuous growth or for facing the strong market pressures has become a common phenomenon the last three decades (Hitt et al. 2009, 183). In practice, acquisitions can be described as ‘the use of cash outflows for purchasing the net assets or property plant, and equipment of the acquired business’ (Tortiorello 2008,

Newscorp phone-Hacking Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Newscorp phone-Hacking - Speech or Presentation Example The issue here goes much beyond phone hacking and goes to the question of corporate culture, ethics, privacy, confidentiality and freedom of speech. Journalists are traditionally have a right to investigate and they are expected to report fearlessly. The Pulitzer prize of USA is awarded to such outstanding journalists. However, what Murdoch and his hacks accomplished was not an expose into illegal dealings but an expose into the private sorrow of deceased soldiers and murdered girls. Clearly, News Corp went to a new low. However, some people have also blamed the news hungry public that constantly feeds off the cable television, the Internet and other modern media tools. Realty shows also find high viewership and in such shows, celebrities commit all types of behaviour that should not be actually shown on public TV but which the celebrities want to be shown. In addition, there are crime TV series and other such channels where the blur between acceptable and tasteless footage is very f ineClearly, people place great pressure on the newsmakers, reporters and media houses to deliver and show something new and unique. TV ratings, advertisement revenues, salaries of people and survival of the media channels depends on the ‘eyeballs’ that their content generates. Thus, journalists are under great pressure to deliver what the public wants. News Corp had been hacking phones since 2005 and a large number of people read stories some of which were presumably written using phone hacks. It was only after that the journalists were caught that people were disgusted. Therefore, the audience is also partly to blame for creating a demand for such tasteless stories. 3) Practical and realistic policy recommendation It is clear from the incident of News Corp that ethics, moral responsibility and corporate culture of news media houses is highly questionable. The government is in a very tight position. If it brings in regulations and imposes curbs on what can be published and what cannot, the whole media will revolt and cry out against censorship, forgetting the main issue of phone hacking. At the same time, if the government does not do anything, it is accused of dragging its feet and of being held to ransom by a power media house.